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  1. Can GPS be used in lieu of DME for instrument approaches?

    The short answer is, "Yes, GPS can substitute for DME". The longer answer, splitting some very fine hairs, is that they are not exactly the same thing, and you should at least be vaguely aware of the …

  2. gns430 - What is the difference between EPE and HUL on the Satellite ...

    For exemple on the GNS430 satellite status page you can read, in addition to the GPS receiver status : EPE (Estimated Position Error) DOP (Dilution of Precision) HUL (Horizontal Uncertainty level) I

  3. Why RNAV SIDs and STARs are RNAV 1 instead of RNP 1?

    Aug 22, 2020 · First of all, an RNP 1 procedure requires a GPS/ GNSS. And as you have said, it requires an inbuilt navigation monitoring and an alerting system. On the other hand, an RNAV 1 …

  4. gnss - Why do Computer Navigation Fixes still exist now that GPS ...

    May 26, 2017 · A CNF is a point that defines a navigation track for a GPS, but why is it used when you there are GPS waypoints that are created to define a track?

  5. If an approach chart says "GPS required", do I need GNSS capability to ...

    Oct 20, 2018 · If you don't have DME/DME/IRU and are RNAV (non-GNSS) capable, can you legally fly the approach? The chart the OP refers to is shown below. As you can see from the STAR (standard …

  6. What is the geoid undulation used for in aviation?

    Sep 23, 2017 · The way the altitude is computed is: GNSS determines a 3D position from satellites, expressed as x,y,z in a Cartesian Earth centered frame. The position is converted into latitude, …

  7. What is the difference between GPS, GNSS and RNAV?

    Jun 8, 2016 · GNSS is an umbrella term that encompasses GPS as well as other nations' satellite systems that achieve essentially the same capability RNAV is the aircraft capability that allows you to …

  8. What does a DME indicator do in HOLD or RNAV mode?

    Dec 3, 2021 · I found this DME indicator on the Cessna 210. Its mode switch has four positions - NAV1, NAV2, RNAV and HOLD. NAV1 and 2 are clear - it uses the NAV1 and 2 freq respectively. I'm …

  9. gnss - Can a pilot use their GPS/FMS to fly a VOR or NDB approach ...

    GPS is more accurate than a VOR or NDB signal. Can we use a GPS to fly a VOR or NDB approach from the initial approach fix through the missed approach and hold? I know there are two types of …

  10. instrument flight rules - What is the regulation (s) that states GPS ...

    Oct 4, 2023 · Note GNSS in lieu of DME doesn't include approaches, like ILS/DME. In these approaches the DME may be located at any suitable place, e.g. at the mid point of the runway length, and its 50 …